Brazil has been in an aging society (aging rate: 9.6%), and number of deaths due to neoplasms are increasing. It is anticipated that neoplasm would become a more important medical issue in the near future. On the other hand, Japan is a super-aged society (aging rate: 29.8%), and neoplasms are the leading cause of death. As an important medical issue, cancer control measure has been strengthened, and new drugs such as molecular-targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been covered by public insurance, and robotic surgery has been introduced in surgical treatment. While these new treatment technologies are expected to be effective, they are also contributing to the increase in medical costs. In this session, we will discusses the current issues and future vision of cancer treatment for the elderly from the standpoint of each country, Japan in a super-aged society and Brazil which is approaching to an aged society.

 

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ブラジルは高齢化社会を迎え(高齢化率9.6％），新生物による死亡が増加している．近い将来，医療課題として更に注目されることが予想される．一方，日本の高齢化率は29.8％であり超高齢社会にある．日本における死因の第１位は新生物であり，重要な医療課題として2006年の法整備を受けて対策が強化されている．近年では，分子標的薬，免疫チェックポイント阻害薬などの新規薬剤の開発や，ロボット手術が導入され効果が期待される半面，医療費増大の要因ともなっている．さらに高齢者においては，併存疾患や認知機能を含む加齢による機能障害によって複雑で高度な医療が求められる．超高齢社会にある本邦と高齢社会を迎えようとするブラジルにおいて，それぞれの現状の課題と未来像について議論する．

 

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